Título del artículo:

Report of 2 cases of primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the external iliac vein

The epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare type of endothelial neoplasm found mainly in soft tissues and visceral organs and in extraordinary cases in large veins like the iliac veins. Currently, there is an active discussion in which EHE behavior, classification, new diagnostic tools, and treatment procedures are proposed. Here, we present 2 cases of EHE and discuss our experience in diagnosis and treatment of this neoplasm. © The Author(s) 2013.

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Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

Título del artículo:

A Repeated Measures Experiment of Green Exercise to Improve Self-Esteem in UK School Children

Exercising in natural, green environments creates greater improvements in adult\'s self-esteem than exercise undertaken in urban or indoor settings. No comparable data are available for children. The aim of this study was to determine whether so called \'green exercise\' affected changes in self-esteem; enjoyment and perceived exertion in children differently to urban exercise. We assessed cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m shuttle-run) and self-reported physical activity (PAQ-A) in 11 and 12 year olds (n = 75). Each pupil completed two 1.5 mile timed runs, one in an urban and another in a rural environment. Trials were completed one week apart during scheduled physical education lessons allocated using a repeated measures design. Self-esteem was measured before and after each trial, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment were assessed after completing each trial. We found a significant main effect (F (1,74), = 12.2, p<0.001), for the increase in self-esteem following exercise but there was no condition by exercise interaction (F (1,74), = 0.13, p = 0.72). There were no significant differences in perceived exertion or enjoyment between conditions. There was a negative correlation (r = -0.26, p = 0.04) between habitual physical activity and RPE during the control condition, which was not evident in the green exercise condition (r = -0.07, p = 0.55). Contrary to previous studies in adults, green exercise did not produce significantly greater increases in self-esteem than the urban exercise condition. Green exercise was enjoyed more equally by children with differing levels of habitual physical activity and has the potential to engage less active children in exercise. © 2013 Reed et al.

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PLoS ONE

Título del artículo:

Situational leadership in nursing in a health institution in Bucaramanga, Colombia

Introduction: In nursing, it is crucial to know the leadership style required in each situation to act as a leader. The clinical nurse must have an effective leadership style that suits the situations presented during the performance of their functions, in order to achieve the objectives in the care of the patient and family. Objectives: To describe the situational leadership styles present in nurses in hospital departments, including intensive care, according to the theory of Hersey and Blanchard and to determine the relationship between leadership styles and occupational variables. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample population of 107. nurses working in clinical areas of hospital and intensive care in two health institutions. The Dr. Herman Bachenheimer situational leadership tool was applied to nursing staff. Results: The nurses at the hospital area (61) and intensive care (46) have mainly a guide-leadership style (35.4%), followed by a participative style (33.9%) and manager-style (27.9%). Delegation leadership style (2.8%) was not present in clinical nurses. There is no significant relationship between leadership styles and the time working in the institution. A statistically significant relationship was found between leadership styles and length of management experience in the clinical area (P=. .011). Conclusions: The predominant leadership style of hospital nurses is to guide, and for intensive care nurses it is participatory. © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L.

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Enfermeria Clinica

Título del artículo:

Inter-rater reliability of the body alignment systematic observation form in college students

Objective: To estimate the inter-rater reliability of the Body Alignment Systematic Observation Form (BASOF) applied to young adults in a private university in Bucaramanga (Colombia). Methodology: A study of diagnostic tests was performed in a sample of 123 college students, aged 18 to 29, who met the inclusion criteria. Three examiners (an expert in posture, a physiotherapist with experience and a last semester student of physiotherapy) performed the postural examination, analyzing 7 printed photographs: one posterior, two right laterals, two left laterals and two anterior. We studied 63 deficiencies, which were registered in the BASOF. Results: The inter-rater reliability to determine postural deficiencies ranged from poor to acceptable. The level obtaining the best reliability according to the global Kappa index was the posterior one in which 26.5% of the deficiencies obtained a kappa Index greater than 0.40. The scoliosis in S variable had the highest reliability with a kappa value of 1.00, obtained on the item expert vs student on the posterior plane. Conclusions: The low inter-rater reliability leads to the conclusion that postural examination by direct observation method is not suitable for use in research. However, it allows the practitioner to detect marked postural deficiencies and therefore should not be excluded from the physiotherapy examination. Moreover, the BASOF can become a useful tool in the future academic career in physical therapy to establish methodically the process of observing body alignment. © 2012 Asociación Española de Fisioterapeutas.

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Fisioterapia

Título del artículo:

Current status of research and barriers to evidence-based practice in colombian physiotherapists

Introduction: Scientific evidence based practice (SEBP) is defined as a process whose objective is the selection of the best scientific arguments to solve the problems occurring in the clinical practice. This study has aimed to evaluate the current status of the investigation and the principal barriers existing for the Columbian physiotherapists to incorporate SEBP. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter and descriptive study was performed in 221 Colombian physiotherapists with no previous training in SEBP. An 18-item survey divided into 3 differentiated sections was applied. These sections were: 1) degree information, 2) application of SEBP and 3) areas and lines of professional and investigational work. In addition, sociodemographic information data were collected. Results: Average age was 26.6. ±. 6.1 years; 76% of those surveyed had a professional degree and only 3.2% a master\'s degree. A total of 43.4% of those surveyed looked for information in primary and secondary sources while 28.5% stated they never did so. Searcy was performed in Altavista, Google, Hotbot, Lycos by 55.7% and only 13% used Tesauros. 48.9% stated they had carried out descriptive type studies, 10.4% experimental and 3.2% case-controls. Of those surveyed, 10.9% developed projected in critical care, 7.2% in articular disease and 4.5% in neurological disorder. Conclusion: This study confirms the scarce scientific activity and barriers that limit including SEPB in physiotherapy professionals in Colombia. Multiple strategies of change will be necessary to facilitate the inclusion of activities aimed at the improvement of professional expertise in this material. © 2012 Asociación Española de Fisioterapeutas.

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Fisioterapia

Título del artículo:

Inflammation and hypertension: Are there regional differences?

Hypertension is a chronic disease with global prevalence and incidence rapidly increasing in low and medium income countries. The surveillance of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, is a global health priority in order to estimate the burden and trends, to appropriately direct resources, and to measure the effect of interventions. We propose here that the adoption of Western lifestyles in low and middle incomes countries has dramatically increased the prevalence of abdominal obesity, which is the main source of proinflammatory cytokines, and that the vascular systemic inflammation produced by adipose tissue contributes to the development of hypertension. The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines is higher in the Latin American population than that reported in developed countries, suggesting a higher susceptibility to develop systemic low-degree inflammation at a given level of abdominal obesity. These particularities are important to be considered when planning resources for health care programs. Moreover, studying these singularities may provide a better understanding of the causes of the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and the remarkable variability in the prevalence of these medical conditions within and between countries. © 2013 Patricio López-Jaramillo et al.

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International Journal of Hypertension

Título del artículo:

Evidence of the effectiveness of median nerve glide for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the median nerve glide for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. Search methods: A systematic review of the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PEDro data bases was conducted. The search included randomized, controlled trials with adult patients diagnosed of carpal tunnel syndrome. Studies published from January 2000 to February 2012 were included. Results of the search: Thirteen articles were located and reviewed. Finally, 6 studies that met the inclusion criteria of this study were analyzed. The neural glide techniques, conservative treatments (ultrasound, paraffin, tendon glide) and splinting were compared. Conclusions: There is moderate evidence supporting the use of median nerve glide techniques for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. © 2012 Asociación Española de Fisioterapeutas.

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Fisioterapia

Título del artículo:

Aged garlic extract improves adiponectin levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study

Background. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been shown to have important benefits in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the administration of aged garlic extract (AGE) on the risk factors that constitute the cluster of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods and Design. Double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of 1.2 g/day of AGE (Kyolic), for 24 weeks of treatment (12 weeks of AGE and 12 weeks of placebo), on subjects with MS. Results. The administration of AGE increased the plasma levels of adiponectin (P=0.027). No serious side effects associated with the intervention were reported. Conclusion. The present results have shown for the first time that the administration of AGE for 12 weeks increased plasma adiponectin levels in patients with MS. This suggests that AGE might be a useful, novel, nonpharmacological therapeutic intervention to increase adiponectin and to prevent cardiovascular (CV) complications in individuals with MS. © 2013 Diego Gómez-Arbeláez et al.

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Mediators of Inflammation

Título del artículo:

Relationship between the social participation of children with disabilities and the satisfaction of their parents

Objectives: to determine the association between the social participation of the children with disabilities and the satisfaction of their parents with it. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted in eighty 5 to 13 years-old children (9±2.7 years) with disabilities, who lived in the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga and conveniently selected. The life-habit scale assessment was used. Spearman\'s correlation coefficient was estimated (p). Results: the global scoring of social participation was 6±2.3 and of the satisfaction of the parents with their children\'s social participation was 3.6±0.7. The habit with the highest correlation coefficient was communication (p= 0.83) and that with the lowest coefficient was personal relationships (p= 0.44). In the global scoring, very good correlation was found between the social participation and the satisfaction of the parents with this participation (p= 0.82) Conclusions: at the time of putting forward objectives and treatments, both the social participation and the satisfaction of parents with it should be taken into consideration jointly rather than separately.

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Revista Cubana de Pediatria

Título del artículo:

Molecular characterization of cry1, cry2, cry3 y cry4 genes in bacillus thuringiensis isolates and determination of its bioinsecticide activity in Aedes aegypti larvae

Chemical insecticides can be toxic and cause environmental degradation. Therefore, biological control of insects represents an alternative of low ecological impact. Bacillus thuringiensis is a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium that produces parasporal crystals of a proteic nature, formed by delta endotoxins that are toxic to a large number of insects and are biodegradable and innocuous to other species. In the present work 13 native strains of B. thuringiensis were isolated from soil samples and identified by selective methods and the BBL CRYSTAL method. In the molecular characterization utilizing specific primers for the identification of cry1, cry2, cry3 y cry4 genes, eight isolates presented the cry3 gene and two presented the cry2 gene. These two latter isolates were used in a bioassay on Aedes aegypti larvae to determine their toxic effect, showing that the preliminary toxicity essay of the BtUDES2 isolate presented a lethality of 56.67%. When determining the lethal concentration of this same isolate, an average lethal concentration of 11.4333ng·ml-1 and a total lethal concentration of 17.1542ng·ml-1 were found.

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Interciencia

Título del artículo:

Latin American consensus on hypertension in patients with diabetes type 2 and metabolic syndrome

The present document has been prepared by a group of experts, members of cardiology, endocrinology and diabetes societies of Latin American countries, to serve as a guide to physicians taking care of patients with diabetes, hypertension and comorbidities or complications of both conditions. Although the concept of \'metabolic syndrome\' is currently disputed, the higher prevalence in Latin America of that cluster of metabolic alterations has suggested that \'metabolic syndrome\' is a useful nosographic entity in the context of Latin American medicine. Therefore, in the present document, particular attention is paid to this syndrome in order to alert physicians on a particularly high-risk population, usually underestimated and undertreated. These recommendations result from presentations and debates by discussion panels during a 2-day conference held in Bucaramanga, in October 2012, and all the participants have approved the final conclusions. The authors acknowledge that the publication and diffusion of guidelines do not suffice to achieve the recommended changes in diagnostic or therapeutic strategies, and plan suitable interventions overcoming knowledge, attitude and behavioural barriers, preventing both physicians and patients from effectively adhering to guideline recommendations. © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

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Journal of Hypertension

Título del artículo:

Plants with photosensitizing activity and therapeutic potential in cutaneous leishmaniasis: Hypericin, a promising alternative

Leishmaniasis is a disease endemic to 98 countries, with over 350 million people at risk of acquiring the infection and 12 million people already infected. The numerous disadvantages associated with current treatments encourage a lack of adherence and even abandonment of the disease treatment, resulting in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. These factors have stimulated the search for therapeutic alternatives that are fast, safe, easy to administer and economical. This has resulted in the emergence of ethnobotany, which, along with phototherapy, could become an innovative strategy for finding naturally occurring compounds with leishmanicidal activity. In this context, products such as hypericin could be considered promising candidates in the discovery and development of new treatments. Hypericin is a naturally occurring molecule that has a high quantum yield in its triplet state and efficiently generates reactive oxygen species. These properties could make hypericin an effective leishmanicidal agent when applied over infected tissues and a potential healing agent that provides cosmetic effects favorable to lesion resolution. In addition, its significant advantages in terms of low cost and easy handling make hypericin a favorable alternative to other treatments for managing this disease. © 2013 ACIN.

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Infectio

Título del artículo:

Incretin analogs and inhibitors of DPP-4: Which is their role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent disease, which has shown a rapid increase in recent decades, doubling the number of people with this disease. Several epidemiological studies show that 70% of diabetes deaths are caused by cardiovascular events (coronary heart disease and stroke). Recently there has been an expansion in the discovery of drugs for the management of type 2 diabetes. These drugs must demonstrate additional cardiovascular system benefi ts before its introduction in the market. This paper aims to determine the role of new antidiabetic drugs that act on the incretin system and its effects on the primary prevention of cardiovascular events.

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Revista Colombiana de Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Histopathological and immunohistochemical profile in anaplastic gangliogliomas

Background: The anaplastic ganglioglioma (AG) is the high-grade counterpart of ganglioglioma, a rare mixed tumor composed of neuronal/ganglion and glial cells. Materials and methods: We describe the histopathology and immunohistochemistry in 7 cases of AG and correlate them with the clinical and radiological features. Results: Our AG patients correspond to 2.5% of the central nervous system tumor patients evaluated in our institution. The mean age at presentation was 25.7 years, with a male predominance. The most common clinical presentation was generalized tonic-clonic seizures (3/7 cases), in correlation with frequent cortical/subcortical location (6/7 cases). Histopathologically, all our cases showed high-grade features in glial (glial fibrillary acid protein-positive) and neuron-ganglion cells (synaptophysin, PGP-9.5, neurofilament, NSE and CD56-positive), as well as moderate cellularity, frequent mitotic figures and a Ki-67 labeling index >5%. All our patients had poor survival. Conclusion: We found that a typical histopathological and immunohistochemical profile is constant and can be useful in early diagnosis of these aggressive neoplasms. © 2013 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía.

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Neurocirugia

Título del artículo:

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma with late presentation: A clinical, radiological and histopathological analysis

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) is a rare supratentorial tumor in the central nervous system. Definitive diagnosis of this neoplasm is based on histopathologic analysis evaluating distinctive findings such as the fibroblastic differentiation. Here we present a clinical case of DIG with a long follow-up in an eight-year-old boy with a six-month history of recurrent emesis, psychomotor hyperactivity and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic, heterogeneous, mass on the right temporal uncus. A histopathological diagnosis of late presentation DIG was made. We documented the immunohistochemical expression of a molecular soft tissue / muscle differentiation marker (h-CaD) in addition to a low proliferative index (Ki-67) in this case. After surgical intervention, a control MRI showed changes of right frontal-temporal craniotomy and a persistent mass in the anterior and medial temporal lobe with basal extension. Further surgical intervention was performed, completely removing the tumor, which had the same characteristics. The patient is asymptomatic while receiving anticonvulsant therapy (phenytoin) with no evidence of tumor recurrence on MRI after a follow-up of five years. The low grade and soft tissue appearance in images are correlated with the histopathologic and immunohistochemical profile of this tumor, but the rarity of this tumor makes a presumptive diagnosis by images a challenge. The above-mentioned molecular markers or new ones could be used as molecular targets for molecular imaging studies to increase the probability of a pre-operative diagnosis based on molecular features through images.

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Neuroradiology Journal

Título del artículo:

Primary gliosarcoma of the brain: Radiologic and histopathologic features

Gliosarcoma is a rare central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm with biphasic glial and non-glial malignant components. Here we describe the radiologic and histopathologic features observed in five cases of primary gliosarcoma. The mean age at diagnosis in the studied patients was 54.2 years; these patients were predominantly males (male: female ratio = 4:1). At diagnosis all patients had several clinical deterioration. The most common symptoms of presentation were: headache (5/5 cases), seizures (4/5 cases) and hemiparesis (1/5 cases). All the tumors were large (mean major diameter= 4.12±1.64 cm) at diagnosis as evidenced in computer tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance images (MRIs), with preferential involvement of the temporal lobe and frequent associated deviation of the midline structures. Other common characteristics identified on CT scans and MRIs were partial contrast medium uptake with annular pattern (5/5 cases), peripheral edema (5/5 cases), and central calcification (3/5 cases). In additional a peak of dye uptake was observed (4/5 cases) on MRI spectrometry. In the histopathology, the glial component showed malignant astrocytes, with high Ki67 (>60%) and p53 positivity; the sarcomatous components displayed pleomorphic spindle cells similarly with p53 positivity and high Ki67 (75-90%) in all cases. Dedifferentiation to pleomorphic sarcoma (two cases), fibrosarcoma (one case), leiomyosarcoma (one case) and MPNST (one case) were documented. All patients received radiotherapy/chemotherapy and had a median overall survival of ten months. The study of radiologic and histopathologic features in primary gliosarcomas of the brain is a priority to achieve early diagnosis that can be translated to better outcomes. Here we describe the radiologic and histopathologic features observed in a group of gliosarcoma patients with variable histopathologic dedifferentiation.

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Neuroradiology Journal

Título del artículo:

Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure versus measurement in the office what is better: The ideal or the possible well done?

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Revista Colombiana de Cardiologia

Título del artículo:

Characterization of the disability in a sample of children with Cerebral Palsy from Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area, Colombia

Background: The occurrence of CP in industrialized countries ranges from 2 to 2.5 cases for every 1,000 live births, the prevalence of low birth weight, maternal conditions, obstetric and inbreeding have been decisive. This condition leads to limitations and restrictions in different roles an individual can play in society which can be facilitated or inhibited according to the different factors of the context in which it operates, therefore the condition of physical harm has to a disability. Objective. To determine the sociodemographic, neonatal history, disability status and level of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy 2-12 years of Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area. Material and methods. We performed a cross-sectional study with a sample of 60 participants selected for convenience. The level of gross motor function was assessed using the classification system of the gross motor function (GMFCS). The analysis calculated absolute and relative frequencies. Results. The largest age group was between 6 and 12 years 61.6%, 50% were female and the majority belonged to the socioeconomic stratum 2 (43.3%), representing the lower class stratification as in Colombia; 56, 7% of children lived with both parents, found that 55% of households had >1 y <2 Current legal minimum monthly wage and the health system was the most common tax (65%). According to the classification with GMFCS, we found that 38.3% of children were at level V, 25.0% in Level I, Level IV 16.7%, 13.3% in level III and level II 6.7%. Body structures most affected were the central nervous system with 78.3%, followed by deficiencies in the structures for movement (upper and lower limbs) with 20.0%. Conclusion. It is found that the severity of gross motor function is directly related to functional abilities, the need for elements of support and caregiver.

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Revista Facultad de Medicina

Título del artículo:

Association between obesity and low muscular and cardiorespiratory capacity, cardiometabolic risk factors in Colombian children

Objective: To examine the association between cardio respiratory and muscular fitness and the presence of obesity and other cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in school children. Material and method: Cross-sectional study, conducted in 336 school children (boys and girls) in grade 5° and 6° of public schools in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. Results: Significant inverse correlations were found between body mass index (BMI) and grip strength adjusted for weight (-0532) (P <0.001), long jump (-0248) (P <0.001) and Yo-Yo test (-0.321) (P <0.001). The maximum grip strength was correlated inversely with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (-0115) (p <0.05). Conclusion: Obesity assessed by BMI and body fat percent is inversely related with muscular and cardio respiratory fitness in Colombian school children.

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Trauma (Spain)

Título del artículo:

Primary esophageal meningioma: First literature report

We have described a primary esophageal meningioma (MG) clinical case diagnosed in a 62-year-old woman; also, we review the literature about extracranial MGs. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an extracranial MG occurring primarily in the esophagus. These are benign neoplasms reported classically in the central nervous system (CNS). The extrancranial MGs have histopathologic and inmunohistochemical features identical to those observed in CNS MGs; thus, the main diagnostic hurdle is to keep it in the differential for lesions occurring outside the CNS. © 2013 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

Título del artículo:

Serological and molecular markers for Hepatitis B virus in university students

Introduction: Reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) show that the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections varies by geographical region and risk group. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV infections, as well as the vaccination status, among university students from Bucaramanga. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in 2010 which included 1298 students from five universities. Serological markers for HBV infection were detected using ELISA. Viral genomes were detected with nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Active infections were established in 0.15% of the study population, and this finding was confirmed by PCR. Resolved infections were identified in 0.60% of the population. Isolated anti-HBc antibodies were found, 30.2% of vaccinated individuals. 67.9% of the study population was susceptible. No occult HBV was detected. Conclusions: The low prevalence of HBV infections reported in this study contrasts with the intermediate epidemiological pattern described in the region. We found poor vaccination coverage and absence of occult hepatitis B among these university students. © 2012 Asociaciones Colombianas de Gastroenterología, Endoscopia digestiva, Coloproctología y Hepatología.

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Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterologia

Título del artículo:

Environmental Profile of a Community\'s Health (EPOCH): An Ecometric Assessment of Measures of the Community Environment Based on Individual Perception

Background: Public health research has turned towards examining upstream, community-level determinants of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Objective measures of the environment, such as those derived from direct observation, and perception-based measures by residents have both been associated with health behaviours. However, current methods are generally limited to objective measures, often derived from administrative data, and few instruments have been evaluated for use in rural areas or in low-income countries. We evaluate the reliability of a quantitative tool designed to capture perceptions of community tobacco, nutrition, and social environments obtained from interviews with residents in communities in 5 countries. Methodology/ Principal Findings: Thirteen measures of the community environment were developed from responses to questionnaire items from 2,360 individuals residing in 84 urban and rural communities in 5 countries (China, India, Brazil, Colombia, and Canada) in the Environmental Profile of a Community\'s Health (EPOCH) study. Reliability and other properties of the community-level measures were assessed using multilevel models. High reliability (>0.80) was demonstrated for all community-level measures at the mean number of survey respondents per community (n = 28 respondents). Questionnaire items included in each scale were found to represent a common latent factor at the community level in multilevel factor analysis models. Conclusions/ Significance: Reliable measures which represent aspects of communities potentially related to cardiovascular disease (CVD)/risk factors can be obtained using feasible sample sizes. The EPOCH instrument is suitable for use in different settings to explore upstream determinants of CVD/risk factors. © 2012 Corsi et al.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

PLoS ONE

Título del artículo:

Risk factors for preeclampsia in women from Colombia: A case-control study

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multi-causal disease characterized by the development of hypertension and proteinuria in the second half of pregnancy. Multiple risk factors have been associated with the development of PE. Moreover, it is known that these risk factors vary between populations from developed and developing countries. The aim of this study is to identify which risk factors are associated with the development of preeclampsia (PE) among Colombian women. Methods: A multi-centre case-control study was conducted between September 2006 and July 2009 in six Colombian cities. Cases included women with PE (n = 201); controls were aged-matched pregnant women (n = 201) without cardiovascular or endocrine diseases for a case-control ratio of 1:1. A complete medical chart, physical examination and biochemical analysis were completed before delivery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of potential risk factors associated with PE. Results: The presence of factors present in the metabolic syndrome cluster such as body mass index >31 Kg/m2 (OR = 2.18; 1.14-4.14 95% CI), high-density lipoprotein <1.24 mmol/L (OR = 2.42; 1.53-3.84 95% CI), triglycerides >3.24 mmol/L (OR = 1.60; 1.04-2.48 95% CI) and glycemia >4.9 mmol/L (OR = 2.66; 1.47-4.81 95%CI) as well as being primigravidae (OR = 1.71; 1.07-2.73 95% CI) were associated with the development of PE, after adjusting for other variables. Conclusion: Factors present in the cluster of metabolic syndrome and primigravidity were associated with a greater risk of PE among Colombian women. Understanding the role of this cluster of risk factors in the development of PE is of crucial importance to prevent PE and remains to be determined. © 2012 Reyes et al.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

PLoS ONE

Título del artículo:

Angiogenic imbalance and plasma lipid alterations in women with preeclampsia from a developing country

Background: An imbalance between anti-angiogenic factors (e.g. soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (s-FLT1) and soluble endoglin (s-Eng)) and pro-angiogenic factors (e.g. placental growth factor (PlGF)) as well as increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) concentrations have been associated with preeclampsia (PE). Risk factors associated with the development of PE, however, are known to be different between developed and developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of s-FLT1, s-Eng, PIGF, and ox-LDL in women with PE from a developing country. Methods: A multi-center casecontrol study was conducted. One hundred and forty three women with PE were matched by age and parity with 143 healthy pregnant women without cardiovascular or endocrine diseases. Before delivery, blood samples were taken and serum was stored until analysis. Results: Women with PE had lower concentrations of PIGF (p < 0.0001) and higher concentrations of s-Eng (p = 0.001) than healthy pregnant women. There were no differences between the groups regarding ox-LDL or s-FLT1. Women with early onset PE had higher s-FLT1 concentrations (p = 0.0004) and lower PIGF concentrations (p < 0.0001) than their healthy pregnant controls. Women with late onset PE had higher concentrations of s-Eng (p = 0.005). Women with severe PE had higher concentrations of s-Eng (p = 0.0008) and ox-LDL (p = 0.01), and lower concentrations of PIGF (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Women with PE from a developing country demonstrated an angiogenic imbalance and an increased rate of LDL oxidation. Findings from this study support the theory that PE is a multifactorial disease, and understanding differences in these subpopulations may provide a better target to approach future therapies. © 2012 Informa UK, Ltd.

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Growth Factors

Título del artículo:

Is the angioimmunoblastic T-Cell lymphoma beneficial to avoid CD4 ⁺ lymphopenia and other AIDS manifestations in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus?

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Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and Leukemia